Administration of Courts

          The Administrations of Courts is the most important of the specialized administrations of the judicial, is works for the promotion of administrative and financial performance both at the headquarters and in the judicial organs of the states .it consists of a federal administration at the headquarters and of the state administrations on the state level . it is comprised of the following sections :-

1/ the administrative affairs section

2/ the financial affairs section

3/ the personnel section

4/ the administrative supervision section

    in the states the administration of Courts consists of / the administrative units which are attached to the respective judicial organs

 The federal jurisdiction of the administrations of Courts                        

1/ preparation of the proposed budget enclosed with the state budgets prior to the submission to the competent authorities

2/ execution of the approved budget and reporting on its actual implementation

3/ supervising performance at the headquarters and branches

4/ co- ordination between the judicial organs and the federal executive units

5/custody of open and secret files of employees.

The Technical and Scientific Research Bureau

     The judicial was careful to create an office of distinct technical efficiency  and out standing legal experience to monitor judicial decisions of the supreme court and courts of appeal with the purpose of extracting new legal rules or changing former precedents to ensure consistency, avoid contradiction to enrich legal knowledge applying this delicate yard stick the technical and scientific office is doing the following :-

1/ the extraction of legal rules from the ratio decedendi of judgment of the Supreme Court and courts of appeal

2/ editing, publishing and circulating the law journal and any researches, periodicals or booklets in all branches of the law

3/ tracing of new legal enactments or amendments thereof with view to supplying the courts with them to up date their references

4/ the drafting, publishing and distribution of legal circulars issued by the chief justice

5/ the preparation of memoranda or researches required by the chief justice

6/ the translation of judgments selected for publication and official documents issued by the judiciary, in accordance with the directions of the chief justice

7/ the establishment and supervision of libraries in the different judicial organs

8/ The comment and reply on press publications relating to the judiciary

9/ the holding of legal courses and seminars intended to activate the cause of origination and the enriching of judicial quest.

The Training Administration

     In order to develop capabilities brain storm legal research and provide good grasp of the art of extraction the judiciary has given great attention to training, the object being the creation of deficient and fair legal minds which one expects to come by in an Islamic oriented country

    Training extended to all auxiliary cadres in appreciation of their vital contribution to the judicial operations whether they be clerical, administrative accounting, custody of archives preparation of statistics or supervision

  Training extends equally to quasi-judicial units like the administration of estates and the registry of lands .no less in importance in the courts’ police organ, which has, for the first time, received training courses from senior judges, administrative officials and police officers from the police training center

      The land Registry Administration

The land registry administration is part of the judiciary since 1909 . it consists of central administration represented by the office of the registrar general of lands ,who is a supreme court judge and 106 branch offices established by special warrants issued by the chief justice ,these offices are distributed all over the different states under the supervision of the respective judicial organs.

     To unify the land registry methods, technical supervision of all land registry offices was laid in the hands of the registrar general of land. According to the provision of the land settlement and registration ordinance of 1925 the registrar general of lands has the power to adopt and to undertake all proceeding relating to the opening of against the decisions of the heads of the registration offices and sets the curricula for the training of land registry officials .he , moreover has the power to approbate the signatures of corporate personalities .

   Due to the importance of the land registry administration computer service to help organize, keep safe the records and modernize its activities hand been introduced

The Authenticity Administration

Modern states realize the importance of the authenticity of legal documents issued to establish legal rights and obligations. The Islamic community has known authenticity since the sixth year of Hijra when the reverend Ali Ibi talib The fourth Calif wrote the hudaybiya accord between the faithful and Guraysh. This was followed by many other similar agreements like the one written by the reverend abi baker el siddik the first Calif to the people of najarn and and the one written by the reverend Omar Ibn Elkhattab the second calif in the conciliation with the people of Elias.

The authenticity Administration was created by a resolution of the chief Justice together with 19 committees in the different states to control supervise documents.

The task of this administration is not restricted to verifying the activities of authentication, but also it renders services to the public at large by authenticating contracts and approbating official documents. There is a special section for the approbating of signatures and seals of courts that are fixed on certificates of marriage and divorce, on declarations of personal matters, on admissions, on corrections of names, on notifications and on orders of summonses and arrests directed to the Interpol.

The Administration of Town and Rural Courts

The judiciary relies greatly on popular justice for soling disputes through methods of conciliation and the application of tradition. Resort to such methods constitutes an exemplary path to justice, which is resting on and is based on the conviction and satisfaction of those concerned.

The administration, after consultations with the heads of the respective judicial organs and the executive authorities concerned, advises the Chief Justice on the creation of new popular courts. It also undertakes the job of tracing and studying local customs with the purpose of creating a unified system in this important arena of legislation. There are 98 town courts, 897rural courts and 67 intermediate courts all treated as part of the pyramids of civil and criminal courts. They are distributed throughout the country for the sake of curtailment of the judicial umbrella, meeting the demands of federalism and facilitating litigation as a constitutional right. these courts discharge their function in harmony with the executive organs of the states without any interference and without any infringement of the principle of the independence of the judiciary the  independence of these courts is protected bt the mere fact that they are part of the judiciary .

 The Administration of courts ‘ police

   the courts ‘ police is a disciplined under the dual technical and administrative subordination to the judiciary and police command , but enjoying complete financial dependence on the judiciary . the force was created in 1988 and gained legal standing by virtue of section 23 (1) of the code of criminal procedure of 1991 which treated it as an Administration specialized in courts work . it duties and powers are defined by low and regulation as follows :

   1/ preparation of judicial sessions

   2/ preserving security and order is courts

   3/ protection judicial premises

   4/ execution of orders direction issued by courts

   5/ execution of sentences referred to them by courts

   6/ transfer of persons awaiting trial and those sentenced from custody’s or prisons to courts and vice versa

       This Administration has widened following the judiciary’s plan of modernization and the curtailment of judicial umbrella. Courts police are found in all judicial organs of the states and within the circuits of the Supreme Court. They discharge their duties with capability

The judges Services Administration 

    for the benefit of the its employees and in order to achieve social cooperation between them the judiciary established the judges services administration

this administration has facilitated the supply of necessaries and other commodities to the employees directly in their places of work and for prices approximately equal to the cost price .these provision include the products of bread ,meat chicken and include vegetables ,and beard from special bakeries .the surplus is sold to the public at large at approximately the same prices at those demanded from employees in an effort by the judiciary to contributed in reducing the hardships of living suffered by individuals the revenue is distributed between the employees on pro rata basis to their shares of contribution in the scheme

    The judiciary also has medical clinic, which provides medical treatment to judges, employees and their families.

       Add summary for the reasons adumbrated above it is clear that the judiciary has crossed the boundaries of theory to the boundaries of practice in trying to perfect not only its role under the low, but also in trying to play role in plating the values of cooperation self reliance and extending a hand in the endeavour to alleviate the miseries of others.

        It is earnestly hoped that this account , conise as its , may prove to be apt and enlightening .